| Microbe |
Sources |
Symptoms |
Onset |
Duration |
| Salmonella |
Fecal contamination, raw or undercooked eggs and meat, especially poultry |
Nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea, headache, fever |
6-48hrs |
1-2 days |
| Campylobacter jejuni |
Unpasteurized milk, undercooked meat & poultry |
Fever, headache, diarrhea, abdominal pain |
2-5 days |
1-2wks |
| Listeria monocytogenes |
Raw milk products, raw & undercooked cooked poultry & meats, raw
& smoked fish, produce |
Fever, headache, stiff neck, chills, nausea, vomitting |
Days to weeks |
6 wks |
| Vibrio vulnificus |
Raw seafood from contaminated water |
Cramps, abdominal pain, weakness, watery diarrhea, fever, chills |
15-24hrs |
2-4 days |
| Staphylococcus aureus |
Human contamination from coughs & sneezes, eggs, meat, potato &
macaroni salads |
Severe nausea, vomiting, diarrhea |
2-8hrs |
24-48hrs |
| Escherichia coli 0157:H7 |
Fecal contamination, undercooked ground beef |
Abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, kidney failure |
5-48 hrs |
3 days to 2 wks or longer |
| Clostridium perfringens |
Fecal contamination, deep fish casseroles |
Fever, nausea, diarrhea, abdominal pain |
8-22 hrs |
6-24hrs |
| Clostridium botulinum |
Canned foods, deep casseroles, honey |
Lassitude, weakness, vertigo, dizziness, respiratory failure, paralysis |
18-36hrs |
10 days or longer |
| Bacillus cerreus |
Starchy foods & food mixtures such as soups & casseroles |
Diarrhea abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting |
30 min - 15 hrs |
24hrs |
| Shigella |
Fecal contamination of water or foods, especially salads such as chicken,
tuna, shrimp, & potato salad |
Diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever, vomiting |
12-50hrs |
5-6 days |
| Yersinia enterocolitica |
Pork, dairy products, & produce |
Diarrhea, vomiting, fever, abdominal pain; often mistaken for appendicitis
|
24-48 hrs |
Weeks |
| Viruses |
|
|
|
|
| Noroviruses |
Fecal contamination of seafood |
Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting |
1-2 days |
2-6 days |
| Hepatitus A virus |
Human fecal contamination of food or water, raw shellfish |
Jaundice, liver inflamation, fatigue, fever, nausea, anorexia, abdominal
discomfort |
10-50 days |
1-2wks to several months |
| Parasites |
|
|
|
|
| Giardia lamblia |
Fecal contamination of water & uncooked foods |
Diarrhea, abdominal pain, gas, anorexia, nausea, vomiting |
5-25 days |
1-2 wks but may become chronic |
| Cryptosporidium parvum |
Fecal contaminiation of food or water |
Severe watery diarrhea |
Hours |
2-4 days but sometimes weeks |
| Trichinella spiralis |
Undercooked pork, game meat |
Muscle weakness, flu symptoms |
Weeks |
Months |
| Anisakis simplex |
Raw fish |
Severe abdominal pain |
1hr-2wks |
3wks |
| Toxoplasma gondii |
Meat, primarily pork |
Toxoplasmosis (can cause central nervous symptom disorders, flu-like
symptoms, & birth defects in women exposed during pregnancy) |
10-23 days |
May become chronic carrier |
